Die ersten 500 IP-Adressen

192.0.2.121, 198.51.100.21, 203.0.113.47, 198.51.100.74, 192.0.2.149, 192.0.2.164, 203.0.113.218, 203.0.113.206, 198.51.100.145, 203.0.113.140, 192.0.2.73, 203.0.113.86, 198.51.100.141, 198.51.100.57, 203.0.113.202, 192.0.2.209, 198.51.100.172, 203.0.113.209, 198.51.100.173, 192.0.2.77, 192.0.2.10, 192.0.2.98, 198.51.100.24, 198.51.100.70, 198.51.100.166, 198.51.100.44, 203.0.113.208, 192.0.2.119, 203.0.113.22, 198.51.100.181, 192.0.2.25, 192.0.2.248, 198.51.100.128, 192.0.2.156, 198.51.100.98, 203.0.113.89, 198.51.100.213, 192.0.2.189, 192.0.2.129, 192.0.2.226, 203.0.113.219, 203.0.113.56, 203.0.113.142, 192.0.2.40, 203.0.113.102, 192.0.2.147, 203.0.113.103, 198.51.100.11, 192.0.2.238, 203.0.113.109, 203.0.113.72, 203.0.113.74, 198.51.100.27, 203.0.113.2, 192.0.2.227, 203.0.113.224, 198.51.100.219, 203.0.113.14, 198.51.100.111, 192.0.2.213, 203.0.113.175, 192.0.2.34, 192.0.2.220, 192.0.2.128, 198.51.100.182, 192.0.2.206, 198.51.100.69, 203.0.113.249, 198.51.100.2, 192.0.2.225, 198.51.100.175, 203.0.113.228, 198.51.100.132, 198.51.100.121, 203.0.113.138, 203.0.113.6, 192.0.2.184, 198.51.100.87, 203.0.113.201, 192.0.2.141, 198.51.100.42, 192.0.2.54, 203.0.113.73, 198.51.100.140, 198.51.100.131, 203.0.113.176, 198.51.100.3, 192.0.2.66, 198.51.100.186, 203.0.113.9, 203.0.113.236, 198.51.100.179, 203.0.113.87, 198.51.100.62, 198.51.100.64, 198.51.100.31, 198.51.100.253, 198.51.100.108, 198.51.100.75, 192.0.2.92, 198.51.100.241, 198.51.100.217, 203.0.113.204, 198.51.100.215, 203.0.113.253, 198.51.100.169, 192.0.2.234, 198.51.100.176, 198.51.100.58, 192.0.2.109, 198.51.100.124, 198.51.100.221, 198.51.100.244, 192.0.2.175, 203.0.113.48, 203.0.113.61, 203.0.113.46, 192.0.2.174, 203.0.113.226, 198.51.100.210, 203.0.113.106, 203.0.113.230, 203.0.113.67, 198.51.100.235, 198.51.100.142, 192.0.2.183, 198.51.100.82, 192.0.2.29, 198.51.100.4, 203.0.113.163, 198.51.100.7, 203.0.113.143, 203.0.113.60, 198.51.100.153, 192.0.2.132, 198.51.100.227, 198.51.100.231, 203.0.113.160, 198.51.100.177, 198.51.100.192, 203.0.113.8, 198.51.100.174, 203.0.113.95, 192.0.2.104, 192.0.2.233, 198.51.100.1, 192.0.2.38, 192.0.2.113, 203.0.113.37, 192.0.2.72, 203.0.113.44, 203.0.113.38, 192.0.2.240, 198.51.100.23, 198.51.100.158, 192.0.2.236, 203.0.113.185, 192.0.2.246, 203.0.113.199, 192.0.2.111, 192.0.2.42, 192.0.2.28, 203.0.113.149, 203.0.113.200, 203.0.113.207, 203.0.113.156, 203.0.113.93, 192.0.2.235, 192.0.2.176, 203.0.113.19, 192.0.2.197, 192.0.2.222, 203.0.113.162, 192.0.2.223, 192.0.2.162, 203.0.113.58, 192.0.2.48, 198.51.100.10, 192.0.2.216, 198.51.100.151, 192.0.2.22, 198.51.100.122, 198.51.100.245, 198.51.100.55, 192.0.2.172, 192.0.2.4, 203.0.113.98, 203.0.113.82, 198.51.100.77, 203.0.113.166, 192.0.2.78, 203.0.113.41, 198.51.100.147, 192.0.2.8, 198.51.100.184, 198.51.100.193, 198.51.100.49, 192.0.2.13, 198.51.100.130, 192.0.2.159, 203.0.113.70, 203.0.113.116, 198.51.100.99, 192.0.2.171, 203.0.113.215, 192.0.2.117, 192.0.2.207, 203.0.113.39, 203.0.113.31, 203.0.113.205, 203.0.113.50, 198.51.100.191, 198.51.100.39, 198.51.100.137, 203.0.113.229, 192.0.2.21, 203.0.113.64, 203.0.113.193, 198.51.100.105, 198.51.100.97, 203.0.113.4, 203.0.113.42, 198.51.100.118, 192.0.2.135, 203.0.113.212, 192.0.2.247, 192.0.2.251, 192.0.2.32, 192.0.2.186, 192.0.2.140, 192.0.2.187, 192.0.2.30, 203.0.113.40, 203.0.113.172, 198.51.100.101, 198.51.100.189, 192.0.2.138, 192.0.2.12, 192.0.2.59, 203.0.113.134, 198.51.100.54, 203.0.113.223, 203.0.113.110, 198.51.100.164, 192.0.2.193, 198.51.100.201, 192.0.2.63, 203.0.113.244, 192.0.2.41, 198.51.100.156, 198.51.100.34, 198.51.100.63, 198.51.100.180, 198.51.100.234, 198.51.100.188, 192.0.2.79, 192.0.2.199, 192.0.2.160, 192.0.2.157, 198.51.100.94, 192.0.2.61, 203.0.113.147, 203.0.113.26, 198.51.100.224, 198.51.100.133, 198.51.100.47, 203.0.113.10, 192.0.2.205, 198.51.100.123, 198.51.100.67, 203.0.113.232, 198.51.100.66, 203.0.113.252, 192.0.2.118, 203.0.113.125, 198.51.100.104, 192.0.2.237, 198.51.100.93, 192.0.2.44, 192.0.2.11, 203.0.113.184, 192.0.2.125, 203.0.113.94, 198.51.100.40, 192.0.2.148, 198.51.100.88, 192.0.2.106, 203.0.113.84, 192.0.2.201, 198.51.100.89, 203.0.113.155, 192.0.2.62, 192.0.2.18, 198.51.100.195, 198.51.100.30, 203.0.113.126, 198.51.100.32, 198.51.100.249, 203.0.113.159, 203.0.113.133, 203.0.113.13, 198.51.100.85, 192.0.2.242, 198.51.100.96, 198.51.100.53, 203.0.113.152, 203.0.113.115, 198.51.100.146, 203.0.113.79, 203.0.113.51, 198.51.100.200, 203.0.113.111, 203.0.113.237, 192.0.2.244, 198.51.100.216, 192.0.2.39, 203.0.113.197, 192.0.2.194, 198.51.100.202, 198.51.100.103, 198.51.100.211, 192.0.2.45, 192.0.2.211, 198.51.100.12, 198.51.100.228, 192.0.2.107, 192.0.2.145, 192.0.2.86, 198.51.100.35, 203.0.113.101, 203.0.113.178, 203.0.113.139, 203.0.113.17, 192.0.2.49, 192.0.2.46, 198.51.100.138, 203.0.113.3, 198.51.100.223, 192.0.2.204, 198.51.100.41, 192.0.2.179, 192.0.2.169, 203.0.113.211, 192.0.2.122, 192.0.2.3, 192.0.2.219, 192.0.2.177, 192.0.2.65, 192.0.2.252, 203.0.113.196, 203.0.113.34, 198.51.100.26, 192.0.2.57, 203.0.113.169, 192.0.2.142, 203.0.113.20, 198.51.100.139, 198.51.100.22, 192.0.2.52, 198.51.100.16, 198.51.100.115, 198.51.100.13, 203.0.113.121, 192.0.2.20, 203.0.113.45, 203.0.113.1, 192.0.2.17, 203.0.113.118, 198.51.100.8, 203.0.113.85, 203.0.113.122, 198.51.100.187, 203.0.113.245, 192.0.2.14, 192.0.2.192, 192.0.2.6, 198.51.100.73, 203.0.113.124, 203.0.113.65, 198.51.100.218, 198.51.100.214, 203.0.113.146, 203.0.113.30, 203.0.113.23, 198.51.100.107, 198.51.100.254, 192.0.2.167, 192.0.2.99, 192.0.2.5, 203.0.113.151, 198.51.100.196, 203.0.113.83, 198.51.100.247, 203.0.113.167, 192.0.2.178, 192.0.2.43, 192.0.2.241, 203.0.113.153, 203.0.113.188, 203.0.113.186, 198.51.100.209, 192.0.2.144, 198.51.100.38, 192.0.2.230, 203.0.113.141, 198.51.100.129, 198.51.100.126, 203.0.113.128, 198.51.100.135, 192.0.2.9, 198.51.100.229, 198.51.100.109, 198.51.100.134, 192.0.2.131, 203.0.113.53, 198.51.100.203, 192.0.2.74, 198.51.100.183, 198.51.100.92, 192.0.2.112, 203.0.113.187, 192.0.2.97, 203.0.113.243, 198.51.100.233, 203.0.113.168, 198.51.100.136, 192.0.2.173, 198.51.100.236, 192.0.2.2, 198.51.100.72, 203.0.113.105, 192.0.2.163, 198.51.100.86, 203.0.113.254, 192.0.2.123, 203.0.113.171, 198.51.100.248, 198.51.100.251, 192.0.2.170, 192.0.2.231, 203.0.113.29, 192.0.2.84, 192.0.2.228, 198.51.100.238, 198.51.100.197, 203.0.113.216, 192.0.2.15, 192.0.2.95, 192.0.2.224, 198.51.100.20, 192.0.2.203, 198.51.100.250, 203.0.113.135, 192.0.2.161, 198.51.100.225, 203.0.113.91, 203.0.113.165, 203.0.113.250, 203.0.113.120, 203.0.113.251, 203.0.113.241, 203.0.113.107, 203.0.113.68, 192.0.2.146, 192.0.2.19, 192.0.2.89, 198.51.100.65, 192.0.2.75, 192.0.2.96, 192.0.2.153, 198.51.100.91, 203.0.113.132, 192.0.2.208, 192.0.2.217, 203.0.113.108, 198.51.100.194, 203.0.113.190, 203.0.113.158, 198.51.100.112, 203.0.113.123, 203.0.113.71, 198.51.100.110, 198.51.100.242, 192.0.2.126, 203.0.113.170, 192.0.2.24, 192.0.2.50, 203.0.113.144, 203.0.113.191, 203.0.113.227, 192.0.2.250, 198.51.100.117, 203.0.113.113, 192.0.2.143, 198.51.100.17, 203.0.113.217, 203.0.113.182, 203.0.113.198, 203.0.113.194, 198.51.100.162

Drawn from 192.0.2.0/24, 198.51.100.0/24 and 203.0.113.0/24. RFC 5737 reserves these three blocks for documentation and asks that they not be routed on the public internet, so an example that escapes into a live configuration cannot reach a stranger’s host. Host octets avoid 0 and 255 so every value is usable inside a /24.

Einstellungen

Schnellvorlagen

Wie viele

Addresses are distinct within a list. The IPv4 documentation ranges only hold 762 host addresses in total, so larger requests are truncated there.

Version

Range

All three are reserved and unroutable. Documentation space is the right default: unlike private space, it cannot possibly match a host on the network you are testing from.

Format

Startwert

The same seed and range always produce the same addresses, so a shared link and a checked-in fixture file agree. Changing only the format re-renders the same addresses.

Aussehen feinjustieren

Wähle zuerst eine Vorlage neben dem Bild — diese Regler passen sie an.

Schriftart

Schriftstärke

Größe (% der Passung)

Zahlenfarbe

Hintergrund

Hintergrundstil

Verlauf nach

Anordnung

Spalten

Frame

A border drawn inside the edge of the image.

Line style

Frame colour

Auto

Thickness

Corner radius

Inset from edge

Erweitert

Konturfarbe

Konturbreite

Leuchtfarbe

Leuchtstärke

Laufweite

Innenabstand

Zahlenverlauf nach

Ergebnisse

500 Werte

Bild erstellen

Aktiviere JavaScript, um diese Zahlen zu gestalten und als Bild herunterzuladen. Die Werte selbst stehen oben.

Text on the image

Drag a line straight onto the picture to place it — once placed, it stays exactly where you put it. Everything here is drawn into the download.

Was sind die ersten 500 IP-Adressen?

Die ersten 500 IP-Adressen sind:

Der ausführliche Hintergrundartikel unten ist noch nicht übersetzt und erscheint auf Englisch.

Über IP-Adressen

The dotted quad was pinned down in September 1981, when RFC 791 — the Internet Protocol specification for the DARPA Internet Program, edited by Jon Postel — fixed the address at 32 bits and split it three ways. In what it called class A the high-order bit is zero, the next 7 bits are the network and the last 24 the host; class B opens with one-zero, then 14 bits of network and 16 of host; class C opens with one-one-zero, then 21 bits of network and 8 of host. The scheme was tidy and, as it turned out, badly proportioned: a class A holder received more than sixteen million addresses whether or not it could use them, while a class C offered 254.

Classful allocation therefore wasted space, and by the early 1990s the routing tables and the free pool were both growing faster than anyone was comfortable with. Classless Inter-Domain Routing, published as RFC 1519 in September 1993, replaced the fixed boundaries with an explicit prefix length. RFC 1918 followed in February 1996, setting aside 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16 for networks that would never appear in the global routing table; network address translation then turned those blocks into the default shape of a home or office network. The last two unreserved IANA /8 blocks went to APNIC on 31 January 2011, and the depletion of the free pool was announced that 3 February — two dates frequently collapsed into one. APNIC began rationing its own final /8 on 15 April 2011, the RIPE NCC depleted its pool on 14 September 2012, and ARIN on 24 September 2015.

The documentation ranges exist because of a specific, recurring embarrassment: examples used whatever address came to hand, readers copied them into working configurations, and whoever owned the address received the traffic. RFC 3330 had already listed 192.0.2.0/24 as TEST-NET; Jari Arkko, Michelle Cotton and Leo Vegoda formalised the practice in RFC 5737 in January 2010, adding 198.51.100.0/24 and 203.0.113.0/24 so that one document could show three distinct networks. Geoff Huston, Anne Lord and Philip Smith had done the same job for IPv6 six years earlier, reserving 2001:db8::/32 in RFC 3849.

Wichtige Eigenschaften

RFC 5737 reserves three IPv4 blocks for documentation — 192.0.2.0/24, 198.51.100.0/24 and 203.0.113.0/24 — and asks that they not be routed on the public internet.
A /24 holds 256 addresses of which 254 are usable hosts, the lowest being the network address and the highest the broadcast address, so the three documentation blocks offer 762 distinct host addresses in total.
RFC 3849 reserves 2001:db8::/32 for documentation only; private IPv6 addressing uses the unique local block fc00::/7 defined by RFC 4193, of which only the fd00::/8 half is defined for local assignment.
RFC 1918 reserves 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12 and 192.168.0.0/16 — 17,891,328 addresses in total — for private networks.
IPv4 has 2^32 = 4,294,967,296 addresses; IPv6 has 2^128, which is why an IPv6 address cannot be held exactly in a JavaScript number and this page builds one from 16-bit groups, using arbitrary-precision integers for the decimal form.
RFC 5952 defines a single canonical text form for IPv6: lowercase hex, no leading zeros within a group, and :: replacing the longest run of all-zero groups — the leftmost run when two are equally long, and never a run of only one group.
An IPv6 link-local address is fe80::/10 by definition, but RFC 4291 requires the following 54 bits to be zero, so in practice such an address is fe80:: followed by a 64-bit interface identifier.
RFC 6335 designates 49152–65535 as the dynamic or private port range, which is where operating systems draw ephemeral source ports from.

Andere Längen

Quellen

RFC 5737 — IPv4 Address Blocks Reserved for Documentation — IETF Trust (BCP 78) — redistribution permitted
RFC 3849 — IPv6 Address Prefix Reserved for Documentation — IETF Trust (BCP 78) — redistribution permitted
RFC 1918 — Address Allocation for Private Internets — IETF Trust (BCP 78) — redistribution permitted
RFC 791 — Internet Protocol (DARPA Internet Program specification) — IETF Trust (BCP 78) — redistribution permitted
IPv4 address exhaustion — Wikipedia — CC BY-SA 4.0